Fixed #30240 -- Added SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, and SHA512 database functions.

Thanks Mariusz Felisiak and Tim Graham for reviews.

tests/db_functions/text/test_sha224.py

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import unittest
+
+from django.db import connection
+from django.db.models import CharField
+from django.db.models.functions import SHA224
+from django.db.utils import NotSupportedError
+from django.test import TestCase
+from django.test.utils import register_lookup
+
+from ..models import Author
+
+
+class SHA224Tests(TestCase):
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpTestData(cls):
+        Author.objects.bulk_create([
+            Author(alias='John Smith'),
+            Author(alias='Jordan Élena'),
+            Author(alias='皇帝'),
+            Author(alias=''),
+            Author(alias=None),
+        ])
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(connection.vendor == 'oracle', "Oracle doesn't support SHA224.")
+    def test_basic(self):
+        authors = Author.objects.annotate(
+            sha224_alias=SHA224('alias'),
+        ).values_list('sha224_alias', flat=True).order_by('pk')
+        self.assertSequenceEqual(
+            authors,
+            [
+                'a61303c220731168452cb6acf3759438b1523e768f464e3704e12f70',
+                '2297904883e78183cb118fc3dc21a610d60daada7b6ebdbc85139f4d',
+                'eba942746e5855121d9d8f79e27dfdebed81adc85b6bf41591203080',
+                'd14a028c2a3a2bc9476102bb288234c415a2b01f828ea62ac5b3e42f',
+                'd14a028c2a3a2bc9476102bb288234c415a2b01f828ea62ac5b3e42f'
+                if connection.features.interprets_empty_strings_as_nulls else None,
+            ],
+        )
+
+    @unittest.skipIf(connection.vendor == 'oracle', "Oracle doesn't support SHA224.")
+    def test_transform(self):
+        with register_lookup(CharField, SHA224):
+            authors = Author.objects.filter(
+                alias__sha224='a61303c220731168452cb6acf3759438b1523e768f464e3704e12f70',
+            ).values_list('alias', flat=True)
+            self.assertSequenceEqual(authors, ['John Smith'])
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(connection.vendor == 'oracle', "Oracle doesn't support SHA224.")
+    def test_unsupported(self):
+        msg = 'SHA224 is not supported on Oracle.'
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(NotSupportedError, msg):
+            Author.objects.annotate(sha224_alias=SHA224('alias')).first()