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7a0d9b5cda
get_language() can return None when translations are deactivated. Thanks Nicola Peduzzi for the reporti and Tim Graham for the review.
748 lines
27 KiB
Python
748 lines
27 KiB
Python
"""Translation helper functions."""
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from __future__ import unicode_literals
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import gettext as gettext_module
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import os
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import re
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import sys
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import warnings
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from collections import OrderedDict
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from threading import local
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from django.apps import apps
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from django.conf import settings
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from django.conf.locale import LANG_INFO
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from django.core.exceptions import AppRegistryNotReady
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from django.core.signals import setting_changed
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from django.dispatch import receiver
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from django.utils import lru_cache, six
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from django.utils._os import upath
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from django.utils.encoding import force_text
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from django.utils.safestring import SafeData, mark_safe
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from django.utils.six import StringIO
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from django.utils.translation import (
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LANGUAGE_SESSION_KEY, TranslatorCommentWarning, trim_whitespace,
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)
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# Translations are cached in a dictionary for every language.
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# The active translations are stored by threadid to make them thread local.
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_translations = {}
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_active = local()
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# The default translation is based on the settings file.
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_default = None
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# magic gettext number to separate context from message
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CONTEXT_SEPARATOR = "\x04"
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# Format of Accept-Language header values. From RFC 2616, section 14.4 and 3.9
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# and RFC 3066, section 2.1
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accept_language_re = re.compile(r'''
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([A-Za-z]{1,8}(?:-[A-Za-z0-9]{1,8})*|\*) # "en", "en-au", "x-y-z", "es-419", "*"
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(?:\s*;\s*q=(0(?:\.\d{,3})?|1(?:.0{,3})?))? # Optional "q=1.00", "q=0.8"
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(?:\s*,\s*|$) # Multiple accepts per header.
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''', re.VERBOSE)
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language_code_re = re.compile(r'^[a-z]{1,8}(?:-[a-z0-9]{1,8})*$', re.IGNORECASE)
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language_code_prefix_re = re.compile(r'^/([\w-]+)(/|$)')
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@receiver(setting_changed)
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def reset_cache(**kwargs):
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"""
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Reset global state when LANGUAGES setting has been changed, as some
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languages should no longer be accepted.
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"""
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if kwargs['setting'] in ('LANGUAGES', 'LANGUAGE_CODE'):
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check_for_language.cache_clear()
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get_languages.cache_clear()
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get_supported_language_variant.cache_clear()
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def to_locale(language, to_lower=False):
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"""
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Turns a language name (en-us) into a locale name (en_US). If 'to_lower' is
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True, the last component is lower-cased (en_us).
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"""
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p = language.find('-')
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if p >= 0:
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if to_lower:
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return language[:p].lower() + '_' + language[p + 1:].lower()
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else:
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# Get correct locale for sr-latn
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if len(language[p + 1:]) > 2:
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return language[:p].lower() + '_' + language[p + 1].upper() + language[p + 2:].lower()
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return language[:p].lower() + '_' + language[p + 1:].upper()
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else:
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return language.lower()
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def to_language(locale):
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"""Turns a locale name (en_US) into a language name (en-us)."""
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p = locale.find('_')
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if p >= 0:
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return locale[:p].lower() + '-' + locale[p + 1:].lower()
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else:
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return locale.lower()
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class DjangoTranslation(gettext_module.GNUTranslations):
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"""
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This class sets up the GNUTranslations context with regard to output
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charset.
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This translation object will be constructed out of multiple GNUTranslations
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objects by merging their catalogs. It will construct an object for the
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requested language and add a fallback to the default language, if it's
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different from the requested language.
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"""
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def __init__(self, language):
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"""Create a GNUTranslations() using many locale directories"""
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gettext_module.GNUTranslations.__init__(self)
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self.__language = language
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self.__to_language = to_language(language)
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self.__locale = to_locale(language)
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self._init_translation_catalog()
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self._add_installed_apps_translations()
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self._add_local_translations()
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self._add_fallback()
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def __repr__(self):
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return "<DjangoTranslation lang:%s>" % self.__language
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def _new_gnu_trans(self, localedir, use_null_fallback=True):
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"""
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Returns a mergeable gettext.GNUTranslations instance.
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A convenience wrapper. By default gettext uses 'fallback=False'.
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Using param `use_null_fallback` to avoid confusion with any other
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references to 'fallback'.
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"""
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translation = gettext_module.translation(
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domain='django',
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localedir=localedir,
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languages=[self.__locale],
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codeset='utf-8',
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fallback=use_null_fallback)
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if not hasattr(translation, '_catalog'):
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# provides merge support for NullTranslations()
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translation._catalog = {}
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translation._info = {}
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translation.plural = lambda n: int(n != 1)
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return translation
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def _init_translation_catalog(self):
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"""Creates a base catalog using global django translations."""
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settingsfile = upath(sys.modules[settings.__module__].__file__)
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localedir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(settingsfile), 'locale')
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use_null_fallback = True
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if self.__language == settings.LANGUAGE_CODE:
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# default lang should be present and parseable, if not
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# gettext will raise an IOError (refs #18192).
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use_null_fallback = False
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translation = self._new_gnu_trans(localedir, use_null_fallback)
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self.plural = translation.plural
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self._info = translation._info.copy()
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self._catalog = translation._catalog.copy()
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def _add_installed_apps_translations(self):
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"""Merges translations from each installed app."""
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try:
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app_configs = reversed(list(apps.get_app_configs()))
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except AppRegistryNotReady:
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raise AppRegistryNotReady(
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"The translation infrastructure cannot be initialized before the "
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"apps registry is ready. Check that you don't make non-lazy "
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"gettext calls at import time.")
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for app_config in app_configs:
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localedir = os.path.join(app_config.path, 'locale')
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translation = self._new_gnu_trans(localedir)
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self.merge(translation)
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def _add_local_translations(self):
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"""Merges translations defined in LOCALE_PATHS."""
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for localedir in reversed(settings.LOCALE_PATHS):
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translation = self._new_gnu_trans(localedir)
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self.merge(translation)
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def _add_fallback(self):
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"""Sets the GNUTranslations() fallback with the default language."""
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# Don't set a fallback for the default language or any English variant
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# (as it's empty, so it'll ALWAYS fall back to the default language)
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if self.__language == settings.LANGUAGE_CODE or self.__language.startswith('en'):
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return
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default_translation = translation(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
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self.add_fallback(default_translation)
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def merge(self, other):
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"""Merge another translation into this catalog."""
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self._catalog.update(other._catalog)
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def language(self):
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"""Returns the translation language."""
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return self.__language
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def to_language(self):
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"""Returns the translation language name."""
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return self.__to_language
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def translation(language):
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"""
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Returns a translation object.
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"""
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global _translations
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if language not in _translations:
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_translations[language] = DjangoTranslation(language)
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return _translations[language]
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def activate(language):
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"""
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Fetches the translation object for a given language and installs it as the
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current translation object for the current thread.
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"""
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if not language:
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return
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_active.value = translation(language)
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def deactivate():
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"""
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Deinstalls the currently active translation object so that further _ calls
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will resolve against the default translation object, again.
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"""
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if hasattr(_active, "value"):
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del _active.value
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def deactivate_all():
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"""
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Makes the active translation object a NullTranslations() instance. This is
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useful when we want delayed translations to appear as the original string
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for some reason.
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"""
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_active.value = gettext_module.NullTranslations()
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_active.value.to_language = lambda *args: None
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def get_language():
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"""Returns the currently selected language."""
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t = getattr(_active, "value", None)
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if t is not None:
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try:
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return t.to_language()
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except AttributeError:
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pass
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# If we don't have a real translation object, assume it's the default language.
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return settings.LANGUAGE_CODE
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def get_language_bidi():
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"""
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Returns selected language's BiDi layout.
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* False = left-to-right layout
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* True = right-to-left layout
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"""
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lang = get_language()
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if lang is None:
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return False
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else:
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base_lang = get_language().split('-')[0]
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return base_lang in settings.LANGUAGES_BIDI
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def catalog():
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"""
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Returns the current active catalog for further processing.
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This can be used if you need to modify the catalog or want to access the
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whole message catalog instead of just translating one string.
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"""
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global _default
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t = getattr(_active, "value", None)
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if t is not None:
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return t
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if _default is None:
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_default = translation(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
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return _default
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def do_translate(message, translation_function):
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"""
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Translates 'message' using the given 'translation_function' name -- which
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will be either gettext or ugettext. It uses the current thread to find the
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translation object to use. If no current translation is activated, the
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message will be run through the default translation object.
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"""
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global _default
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# str() is allowing a bytestring message to remain bytestring on Python 2
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eol_message = message.replace(str('\r\n'), str('\n')).replace(str('\r'), str('\n'))
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if len(eol_message) == 0:
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# Returns an empty value of the corresponding type if an empty message
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# is given, instead of metadata, which is the default gettext behavior.
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result = type(message)("")
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else:
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_default = _default or translation(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
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translation_object = getattr(_active, "value", _default)
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result = getattr(translation_object, translation_function)(eol_message)
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if isinstance(message, SafeData):
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return mark_safe(result)
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return result
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def gettext(message):
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"""
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Returns a string of the translation of the message.
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Returns a string on Python 3 and an UTF-8-encoded bytestring on Python 2.
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"""
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return do_translate(message, 'gettext')
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if six.PY3:
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ugettext = gettext
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else:
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def ugettext(message):
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return do_translate(message, 'ugettext')
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def pgettext(context, message):
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msg_with_ctxt = "%s%s%s" % (context, CONTEXT_SEPARATOR, message)
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result = ugettext(msg_with_ctxt)
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if CONTEXT_SEPARATOR in result:
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# Translation not found
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# force unicode, because lazy version expects unicode
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result = force_text(message)
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return result
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def gettext_noop(message):
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"""
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Marks strings for translation but doesn't translate them now. This can be
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used to store strings in global variables that should stay in the base
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language (because they might be used externally) and will be translated
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later.
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"""
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return message
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def do_ntranslate(singular, plural, number, translation_function):
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global _default
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t = getattr(_active, "value", None)
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if t is not None:
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return getattr(t, translation_function)(singular, plural, number)
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if _default is None:
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_default = translation(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
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return getattr(_default, translation_function)(singular, plural, number)
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def ngettext(singular, plural, number):
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"""
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Returns a string of the translation of either the singular or plural,
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based on the number.
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Returns a string on Python 3 and an UTF-8-encoded bytestring on Python 2.
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"""
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return do_ntranslate(singular, plural, number, 'ngettext')
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if six.PY3:
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ungettext = ngettext
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else:
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def ungettext(singular, plural, number):
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"""
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Returns a unicode strings of the translation of either the singular or
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plural, based on the number.
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"""
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return do_ntranslate(singular, plural, number, 'ungettext')
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def npgettext(context, singular, plural, number):
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msgs_with_ctxt = ("%s%s%s" % (context, CONTEXT_SEPARATOR, singular),
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"%s%s%s" % (context, CONTEXT_SEPARATOR, plural),
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number)
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result = ungettext(*msgs_with_ctxt)
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if CONTEXT_SEPARATOR in result:
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# Translation not found
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result = ungettext(singular, plural, number)
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return result
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def all_locale_paths():
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"""
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Returns a list of paths to user-provides languages files.
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"""
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globalpath = os.path.join(
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os.path.dirname(upath(sys.modules[settings.__module__].__file__)), 'locale')
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return [globalpath] + list(settings.LOCALE_PATHS)
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@lru_cache.lru_cache(maxsize=1000)
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def check_for_language(lang_code):
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"""
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Checks whether there is a global language file for the given language
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code. This is used to decide whether a user-provided language is
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available.
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lru_cache should have a maxsize to prevent from memory exhaustion attacks,
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as the provided language codes are taken from the HTTP request. See also
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<https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2007/oct/26/security-fix/>.
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"""
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# First, a quick check to make sure lang_code is well-formed (#21458)
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if lang_code is None or not language_code_re.search(lang_code):
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return False
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for path in all_locale_paths():
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if gettext_module.find('django', path, [to_locale(lang_code)]) is not None:
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return True
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return False
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@lru_cache.lru_cache()
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def get_languages():
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"""
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Cache of settings.LANGUAGES in an OrderedDict for easy lookups by key.
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"""
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return OrderedDict(settings.LANGUAGES)
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@lru_cache.lru_cache(maxsize=1000)
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def get_supported_language_variant(lang_code, strict=False):
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"""
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Returns the language-code that's listed in supported languages, possibly
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selecting a more generic variant. Raises LookupError if nothing found.
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If `strict` is False (the default), the function will look for an alternative
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country-specific variant when the currently checked is not found.
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lru_cache should have a maxsize to prevent from memory exhaustion attacks,
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as the provided language codes are taken from the HTTP request. See also
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<https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2007/oct/26/security-fix/>.
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"""
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if lang_code:
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# If 'fr-ca' is not supported, try special fallback or language-only 'fr'.
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possible_lang_codes = [lang_code]
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try:
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possible_lang_codes.extend(LANG_INFO[lang_code]['fallback'])
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except KeyError:
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pass
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generic_lang_code = lang_code.split('-')[0]
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possible_lang_codes.append(generic_lang_code)
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supported_lang_codes = get_languages()
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for code in possible_lang_codes:
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if code in supported_lang_codes and check_for_language(code):
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return code
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if not strict:
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# if fr-fr is not supported, try fr-ca.
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for supported_code in supported_lang_codes:
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if supported_code.startswith(generic_lang_code + '-'):
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return supported_code
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raise LookupError(lang_code)
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|
|
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|
def get_language_from_path(path, strict=False):
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"""
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|
Returns the language-code if there is a valid language-code
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found in the `path`.
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|
|
|
If `strict` is False (the default), the function will look for an alternative
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country-specific variant when the currently checked is not found.
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"""
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regex_match = language_code_prefix_re.match(path)
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if not regex_match:
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return None
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lang_code = regex_match.group(1)
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try:
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return get_supported_language_variant(lang_code, strict=strict)
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except LookupError:
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return None
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|
|
|
|
|
def get_language_from_request(request, check_path=False):
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"""
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|
Analyzes the request to find what language the user wants the system to
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show. Only languages listed in settings.LANGUAGES are taken into account.
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|
If the user requests a sublanguage where we have a main language, we send
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out the main language.
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|
If check_path is True, the URL path prefix will be checked for a language
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code, otherwise this is skipped for backwards compatibility.
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"""
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|
if check_path:
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lang_code = get_language_from_path(request.path_info)
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if lang_code is not None:
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return lang_code
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supported_lang_codes = get_languages()
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|
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if hasattr(request, 'session'):
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lang_code = request.session.get(LANGUAGE_SESSION_KEY)
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if lang_code in supported_lang_codes and lang_code is not None and check_for_language(lang_code):
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return lang_code
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lang_code = request.COOKIES.get(settings.LANGUAGE_COOKIE_NAME)
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try:
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return get_supported_language_variant(lang_code)
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except LookupError:
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pass
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|
|
accept = request.META.get('HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE', '')
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for accept_lang, unused in parse_accept_lang_header(accept):
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|
if accept_lang == '*':
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break
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|
|
if not language_code_re.search(accept_lang):
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continue
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|
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try:
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return get_supported_language_variant(accept_lang)
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|
except LookupError:
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continue
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|
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try:
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return get_supported_language_variant(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
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|
except LookupError:
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return settings.LANGUAGE_CODE
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|
|
dot_re = re.compile(r'\S')
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|
|
|
|
def blankout(src, char):
|
|
"""
|
|
Changes every non-whitespace character to the given char.
|
|
Used in the templatize function.
|
|
"""
|
|
return dot_re.sub(char, src)
|
|
|
|
|
|
context_re = re.compile(r"""^\s+.*context\s+((?:"[^"]*?")|(?:'[^']*?'))\s*""")
|
|
inline_re = re.compile(r"""^\s*trans\s+((?:"[^"]*?")|(?:'[^']*?'))(\s+.*context\s+((?:"[^"]*?")|(?:'[^']*?')))?\s*""")
|
|
block_re = re.compile(r"""^\s*blocktrans(\s+.*context\s+((?:"[^"]*?")|(?:'[^']*?')))?(?:\s+|$)""")
|
|
endblock_re = re.compile(r"""^\s*endblocktrans$""")
|
|
plural_re = re.compile(r"""^\s*plural$""")
|
|
constant_re = re.compile(r"""_\(((?:".*?")|(?:'.*?'))\)""")
|
|
one_percent_re = re.compile(r"""(?<!%)%(?!%)""")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def templatize(src, origin=None):
|
|
"""
|
|
Turns a Django template into something that is understood by xgettext. It
|
|
does so by translating the Django translation tags into standard gettext
|
|
function invocations.
|
|
"""
|
|
from django.template.base import (Lexer, TOKEN_TEXT, TOKEN_VAR,
|
|
TOKEN_BLOCK, TOKEN_COMMENT, TRANSLATOR_COMMENT_MARK)
|
|
src = force_text(src, settings.FILE_CHARSET)
|
|
out = StringIO('')
|
|
message_context = None
|
|
intrans = False
|
|
inplural = False
|
|
trimmed = False
|
|
singular = []
|
|
plural = []
|
|
incomment = False
|
|
comment = []
|
|
lineno_comment_map = {}
|
|
comment_lineno_cache = None
|
|
|
|
def join_tokens(tokens, trim=False):
|
|
message = ''.join(tokens)
|
|
if trim:
|
|
message = trim_whitespace(message)
|
|
return message
|
|
|
|
for t in Lexer(src).tokenize():
|
|
if incomment:
|
|
if t.token_type == TOKEN_BLOCK and t.contents == 'endcomment':
|
|
content = ''.join(comment)
|
|
translators_comment_start = None
|
|
for lineno, line in enumerate(content.splitlines(True)):
|
|
if line.lstrip().startswith(TRANSLATOR_COMMENT_MARK):
|
|
translators_comment_start = lineno
|
|
for lineno, line in enumerate(content.splitlines(True)):
|
|
if translators_comment_start is not None and lineno >= translators_comment_start:
|
|
out.write(' # %s' % line)
|
|
else:
|
|
out.write(' #\n')
|
|
incomment = False
|
|
comment = []
|
|
else:
|
|
comment.append(t.contents)
|
|
elif intrans:
|
|
if t.token_type == TOKEN_BLOCK:
|
|
endbmatch = endblock_re.match(t.contents)
|
|
pluralmatch = plural_re.match(t.contents)
|
|
if endbmatch:
|
|
if inplural:
|
|
if message_context:
|
|
out.write(' npgettext(%r, %r, %r,count) ' % (
|
|
message_context,
|
|
join_tokens(singular, trimmed),
|
|
join_tokens(plural, trimmed)))
|
|
else:
|
|
out.write(' ngettext(%r, %r, count) ' % (
|
|
join_tokens(singular, trimmed),
|
|
join_tokens(plural, trimmed)))
|
|
for part in singular:
|
|
out.write(blankout(part, 'S'))
|
|
for part in plural:
|
|
out.write(blankout(part, 'P'))
|
|
else:
|
|
if message_context:
|
|
out.write(' pgettext(%r, %r) ' % (
|
|
message_context,
|
|
join_tokens(singular, trimmed)))
|
|
else:
|
|
out.write(' gettext(%r) ' % join_tokens(singular,
|
|
trimmed))
|
|
for part in singular:
|
|
out.write(blankout(part, 'S'))
|
|
message_context = None
|
|
intrans = False
|
|
inplural = False
|
|
singular = []
|
|
plural = []
|
|
elif pluralmatch:
|
|
inplural = True
|
|
else:
|
|
filemsg = ''
|
|
if origin:
|
|
filemsg = 'file %s, ' % origin
|
|
raise SyntaxError(
|
|
"Translation blocks must not include other block tags: "
|
|
"%s (%sline %d)" % (t.contents, filemsg, t.lineno)
|
|
)
|
|
elif t.token_type == TOKEN_VAR:
|
|
if inplural:
|
|
plural.append('%%(%s)s' % t.contents)
|
|
else:
|
|
singular.append('%%(%s)s' % t.contents)
|
|
elif t.token_type == TOKEN_TEXT:
|
|
contents = one_percent_re.sub('%%', t.contents)
|
|
if inplural:
|
|
plural.append(contents)
|
|
else:
|
|
singular.append(contents)
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
# Handle comment tokens (`{# ... #}`) plus other constructs on
|
|
# the same line:
|
|
if comment_lineno_cache is not None:
|
|
cur_lineno = t.lineno + t.contents.count('\n')
|
|
if comment_lineno_cache == cur_lineno:
|
|
if t.token_type != TOKEN_COMMENT:
|
|
for c in lineno_comment_map[comment_lineno_cache]:
|
|
filemsg = ''
|
|
if origin:
|
|
filemsg = 'file %s, ' % origin
|
|
warn_msg = ("The translator-targeted comment '%s' "
|
|
"(%sline %d) was ignored, because it wasn't the last item "
|
|
"on the line.") % (c, filemsg, comment_lineno_cache)
|
|
warnings.warn(warn_msg, TranslatorCommentWarning)
|
|
lineno_comment_map[comment_lineno_cache] = []
|
|
else:
|
|
out.write('# %s' % ' | '.join(lineno_comment_map[comment_lineno_cache]))
|
|
comment_lineno_cache = None
|
|
|
|
if t.token_type == TOKEN_BLOCK:
|
|
imatch = inline_re.match(t.contents)
|
|
bmatch = block_re.match(t.contents)
|
|
cmatches = constant_re.findall(t.contents)
|
|
if imatch:
|
|
g = imatch.group(1)
|
|
if g[0] == '"':
|
|
g = g.strip('"')
|
|
elif g[0] == "'":
|
|
g = g.strip("'")
|
|
g = one_percent_re.sub('%%', g)
|
|
if imatch.group(2):
|
|
# A context is provided
|
|
context_match = context_re.match(imatch.group(2))
|
|
message_context = context_match.group(1)
|
|
if message_context[0] == '"':
|
|
message_context = message_context.strip('"')
|
|
elif message_context[0] == "'":
|
|
message_context = message_context.strip("'")
|
|
out.write(' pgettext(%r, %r) ' % (message_context, g))
|
|
message_context = None
|
|
else:
|
|
out.write(' gettext(%r) ' % g)
|
|
elif bmatch:
|
|
for fmatch in constant_re.findall(t.contents):
|
|
out.write(' _(%s) ' % fmatch)
|
|
if bmatch.group(1):
|
|
# A context is provided
|
|
context_match = context_re.match(bmatch.group(1))
|
|
message_context = context_match.group(1)
|
|
if message_context[0] == '"':
|
|
message_context = message_context.strip('"')
|
|
elif message_context[0] == "'":
|
|
message_context = message_context.strip("'")
|
|
intrans = True
|
|
inplural = False
|
|
trimmed = 'trimmed' in t.split_contents()
|
|
singular = []
|
|
plural = []
|
|
elif cmatches:
|
|
for cmatch in cmatches:
|
|
out.write(' _(%s) ' % cmatch)
|
|
elif t.contents == 'comment':
|
|
incomment = True
|
|
else:
|
|
out.write(blankout(t.contents, 'B'))
|
|
elif t.token_type == TOKEN_VAR:
|
|
parts = t.contents.split('|')
|
|
cmatch = constant_re.match(parts[0])
|
|
if cmatch:
|
|
out.write(' _(%s) ' % cmatch.group(1))
|
|
for p in parts[1:]:
|
|
if p.find(':_(') >= 0:
|
|
out.write(' %s ' % p.split(':', 1)[1])
|
|
else:
|
|
out.write(blankout(p, 'F'))
|
|
elif t.token_type == TOKEN_COMMENT:
|
|
if t.contents.lstrip().startswith(TRANSLATOR_COMMENT_MARK):
|
|
lineno_comment_map.setdefault(t.lineno,
|
|
[]).append(t.contents)
|
|
comment_lineno_cache = t.lineno
|
|
else:
|
|
out.write(blankout(t.contents, 'X'))
|
|
return out.getvalue()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def parse_accept_lang_header(lang_string):
|
|
"""
|
|
Parses the lang_string, which is the body of an HTTP Accept-Language
|
|
header, and returns a list of (lang, q-value), ordered by 'q' values.
|
|
|
|
Any format errors in lang_string results in an empty list being returned.
|
|
"""
|
|
result = []
|
|
pieces = accept_language_re.split(lang_string.lower())
|
|
if pieces[-1]:
|
|
return []
|
|
for i in range(0, len(pieces) - 1, 3):
|
|
first, lang, priority = pieces[i:i + 3]
|
|
if first:
|
|
return []
|
|
if priority:
|
|
try:
|
|
priority = float(priority)
|
|
except ValueError:
|
|
return []
|
|
if not priority: # if priority is 0.0 at this point make it 1.0
|
|
priority = 1.0
|
|
result.append((lang, priority))
|
|
result.sort(key=lambda k: k[1], reverse=True)
|
|
return result
|